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Unit-I : Living World

1 Reproduction in Plants

l Plants and their various characteristics
l Movement, Breathing, Sensitivity, Growth,

Nutrition, Excretion
Inside
Inside
the
the l Reproduction in plants
Chapter l Structure of a flower
Chapter
l Structure of a seed and stages of seed germination
l Specific features of seed that help in seed dispersal

l Various steps involved in growing crops

PLANTS ARE OUR GREEN FRIENDS
The earth is covered by different kinds of plants. Large number of plants are

eaten or destroyed by us or nature every day. We still have plants on earth
because plants reproduce more plants of the same kind. Plants make the

world a beautiful place where we live in their presence. They are very
important to us. Do you know, why? Let us recall the characteristics common

to all plants and animals.

Movement
Just like animals, plants too show movements, such as

opening and closing of petals, turning face to the Sun etc.

Breathing
Animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon di-
oxide where as plants take in carbon dioxide and give out

o-xygen.
Sensitivity

Animals are sensitive to external changes due to the
presence of sense organs. Plants too are sensitive to light

and gravity. Stems grow upwards and roots grow
downwards.

Growth
Both animals and plants grow during their lifetime.

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